Composts from Grapevine and Hazelnut By-Products: A Sustainable Peat Partial Replacement for the Growth of Micropropagated Hazelnut and Raspberry in Containers

By-products of the agri-food sector are increasingly employed in production new organic preparations, with biofertilizer and biostimulating functions, thus reducing consumption non-renewable resources turning chains towards circular economy sustainability. Two composts were produced solid digestate (85%) as a common component different sources recyclable materials (15%): vine pruning wood (compost A), or shells skin hazelnuts B). The two used replacement variable percentages peat nursery substrates, their effects on various growth parameters assessed micropropagated plants widely demanded species: raspberry A) hazelnut Composts revealed microbiologically safe conditions, nutritional content suitable for agronomic purposes levels heavy metals compliance European standards. trials demonstrated possibility partial (up to 20% 40% raspberry) without compromising, some cases improving, vegetative status. Nonetheless, highly responses highlighted that compost concentration should be fine-tuned sensitive species avoid negative effects. In case raspberry, use these substrates could also experimented soilless production. Because potential accumulation, analysis extended applications made prior considering field applications.